Improvement in plows



J. SMITH.

Plow.

No. 29,629. Patented Aug. 14. 1860.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEO JAMES SMITH, OF NORFOLK, VIRGINIA.

lM PROVEM ENT IN PLOWS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 29,629,6ated August 14,1860.,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES SMITH, of Norfolk, in the county of Norfolkand State of Virginia, have invented a new and useful Improvement inFlows; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, andexact description of the same, reference being bad to the accompanyingdrawings, forming a part of this specification, in which Figure 1represents a perspective, and Fig. 2 a side view, of the plow.

Similar letters of reference in each of the several figures indicatecorrespondin g parts.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, Iwill. proceed to describe its construction and operation.

The cutter A of this plow has a straight edge, a b, across its wholewidth, and a similar straight back, 0 (I, which latter fits into arecess at the lower end of a mold-board, c, and is fastened thereto byscrews I. The surface of the mold-board presents a curvature of thefirst order, being produced by the motion of a straight line parallel tothe edge of the cutter in the path of a cycloid. Thus all horizontalsections of the mold-board at different heights above the ground wouldpresent straight lines parallel to the edge of the cutter, and allvertical sections through the mold-board would presentidentical cycloids parallel to each other. I

The most rapid curvature of this cycloidal surface is on top of the moldboard at 0].

If the surface of a mold-board presents a double curvature, (which isusually the case,) the sod is bound to break as it moves up the surfaceof the mold-board. In my plow, however, the sod moves up a surfaceformed by the motion of a line parallel to the edge which digs the sodup, and therefore the sod in moving up my mold-board does not break, andis only gradually turned over as it arrives at the upper part of themold-bord where the curvature is more rapid. The attainment of thisobjectis also facilitated by constructing my plow so that it rests on abroad edge in front and only on one point at the heel of the plow, so asto keep the plow steady.

In common plows, where the point is narrow, (and not equal to the wholewidth of the moldboard, as in my plow,) and where the under edge of thelandside is nearly or quite on a line with the extremity of the point,the points will sooner wear out, (because they aresmaller,) and then theplow will partially rest on the under edge of the landside, and if thiswears uneven the plow will no longer be steady. In my plow, however, theunder edge, g h, of the landside inclines from the heel g upward, so asto meet the mold-board at the height above the ground, where the back ofthe cutter is joined to the mold-board. Thus it will be understood myplow will yet rest on the heel g and on the cutter-edge when the cutterhas been worn almostup to whereitis fastenedtothemold-hoard.

By combining all the above-described elements my plow is made to possessthe advantage of nearing longer and working steadier than any otherplow.

The heel of my plow is made of a separate piece, D, fastened to thelaudside B by a screw, or other suitable means. When the heel is wornout a new piece, 1), may be inserted in place of the one which has beenused. The rest of the landside (which in my plow is comparatively littleworn) will thus be made to serve a long time.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is--- The arrangement of the peculiar mold-board U, herein described,straight-edged point or cutter A, and inclined landside-bar B, with itsremovable heel-piece D, when the said moldboard extends down beyond thefront end of the landside-bar, and the curve of the same is formed by astraight line moving parallel to the edge of the cutter in the path of acycloid, as and for the purposes set forth.

J AS. SMITH.

Witnesses GOODwIN Y. ATLEE, R. W. FENwIoK.

